Chemical substances exist in every link of textile processing. This article will guide you through the production process from fiber to garment and give you an idea of the types of chemicals used. Well, when it comes to textiles, we must know its basics. For example, whether it is woven fabric or non-woven fabric, what are the common fabric making methods? Which machines are available for textile manufacturing? Even the correct way to print on fabric and more. With the above questions in mind, we will provide you with detailed information about textiles.
Manufacturing and Export About Fibers
All textiles are composed of fibers arranged in different ways to produce the desired strength, durability, appearance and texture. There are countless sources of these fibers, but they can be grouped into four categories. Except for silk, the fiber length of natural fibers is relatively short, measured in centimeters. On the other hand, silk and man-made fibers have very long fiber lengths (filaments), ranging from hundreds of meters to kilometers. Now let’s introduce the fibers we already know below.
animal fiber
This is made of protein. Wool and silk are the most commonly used fibers in this group, but wool can come from many different animals. In order to make animals grow faster and produce more hair, insecticides and insecticides are used to prevent diseases.
plant fibres
It consists of cellulosic material, usually from cotton, flax, hemp or bamboo, but more or less any plant that contains extractable cellulose can be used.
artificial fiber
Its fibers, such as rayon or lyocell, are based on cellulose, usually from wood pulp. Before new fibers are spun, they undergo extensive chemical treatment.
How is the fabric produced?
At the heart of textile manufacturing is fabric production. Fabrics can be made in many different ways, the most common of which are weaving, knitting or by producing nonwovens. To prevent yarn breakage during these processes, it is necessary to strengthen the yarn and reduce friction. Now let’s introduce the textile machinery.
How Does Textile Machinery Produce Fabrics?
Textile machinery is used to manufacture and process fabrics, textiles and other woven and nonwoven materials. They are used in spinning, weaving, warping and dyeing processes. In particular, textile equipment can be used for the manufacture, dyeing and finishing of fibers, yarns, polypropylene fibers and other materials. Of course, they are also suitable for the extrusion of nonwovens, synthetic fibers and various plastics.
Textile Machinery Includes Many Devices
A sophisticated and complete textile machine includes many devices. Only the perfect combination of these devices can truly realize the production and processing of fabrics. Let’s take a look at the specific main10 equipment
- Baler
- Picture frame
- Cloth cutter
- Dyeers
- Dryer
- Calender
- priest
- Extruder
- Conveyor
- Molding machine
Fabric Printing And Dyeing Technology
Hazardous chemicals and dyes are used in the printing and dyeing process. The dyes used for dyeing can also be used for printing, but they must go through the same fixing and washing steps as the dyeing process. The most common method of flood printing on fabrics is with pigment printing, where polymer resins or adhesives are used to adhere the pigments to the surface.
When it comes to fabric printing, dividing fabric printing methods into analog printing methods and digital printing methods is the basic method of printing method classification. Next, we will try to explain the different methods and their characteristics.
digital printing
Just like digital printing on paper, digital printing on fabric allows you to print once with no initial cost. There are print screen examples. In short, digital printing on fabric is similar to a home inkjet printer. In fact, this method of fabric printing places no restrictions on the project itself – you can print any pattern on the fabric without restrictions on the number of colors or the transition of shades between colors.
screen printing
Screen printing is a method similar to fabric printing. At the same time, it also includes lacquer printing through printing screen (made of steel frame and nylon mesh). We can consider doing this manually.